French Trains Vocabulary - Prendre le Train En France

Taking the train is a fast, often comfortable and relatively cheap way to travel in France. Yes, there are strikes, but not all the time, and all in all, taking the train is quite reliable. I will be writing several lessons on this subject: tips to feel prepared when you travel by train, easy learn French in context story with English/French side by side translations  and even a useful questions and answers lessons. So make sure you subscribe to my newsletter to get informed of new releases. Un voyageur – a travelerLa gare – the station (watch out for the pronunciation – gAr, not gayr which is â€Å"la guerre: war)Un billet – a ticketUn guichet – a boothUne salle d’attente – waiting areaUn panneau d’information – information displayLe dà ©part – departureL’arrivà ©e - arrivalsLa seconde classe, la premià ¨re classe – 2nd  and 1st  classUn aller simple – one wayUn aller-retour – round tripUne place (assise) – a seatUne place duo – 2 seats next to each otherUn carrà © – 4 seats, separated in 2 rows facing each otherUne rà ©servation – bookingVoyager dans le sens du train – to be facing towards where the train is goingUn billet remboursable – refundable ticketUn billet à ©changeable – exchangeable ticketUn train direct – direct trainUne correspondance – transferUn changement – transferLe quai †“ the platformLe passage souterrain – the underground passLe rail, la voie – the track (rail is pronounced like rye in English)La voiture, le wagon (v sound) – the carLe bar – the snack carUn contrà ´leur – a controller Follow these links for more of my taking the train in France related articles: -  Master Train Announcements in French-  Lets Take the Train Together - Bilingual French English Story

Enkidu And The Impact Of Civilization - 1398 Words

Enkidu and The Impact of Civilization The Epic of Gilgamesh was written between c.2150-1400 BCE in the ancient city of Mesopotamia meaning â€Å"between two rivers†. The epic is also considered one of the worlds first great works of literature. From the beginning to the end of the epic, many themes are expressed through the text but one in particular that stands out is the effect of civilization on humanity. The effect of civilization on humanity was a reoccurring theme in the story in regards to one of the main characters, Enkidu. Throughout the epic, many questions arise around the idea of civilization, is civilization a good thing, or is it bad, what is gained though civilization or what is lost? All these questions in regard to epic†¦show more content†¦Enkidu set everything in balance, if something like a snare or holes from â€Å"civilization† disrupted the natural balance of the world, Enkidu would be the one to set things right. At this time in the epic , Enkidu was in his purest, most innocent form. This way of living could easily be connected to The Daodejing and what Daoist would call living with the â€Å"Way†. Enkidu was just another smaller piece to a bigger play or picture, he was doing what his creator (Ninurta) made him for, and that was to protect and be at one with nature. He was living with the way by living in the simplest way possible which was running with the animals and living unaffected by civilization. He did not put labels on any of the things around them because if he did so he would be limiting his view of the world. Endkiu had no desires, no wants, no needs, except for the basic necessities such as food and water. But even for those needs he did not worry, one could easily connect Enkidu the the bible because he subconsciously knew that nature and god would some how provide and did not take the time to worry about little things. Then one day a trapper complains about Enkidu to the mighty king, Giliames h, and he decides to send essentially a prostitute named Shamhat to seduce and use

Comparative analysis free essay sample

Comparative Analysis of Josie Appleton’s article â€Å"The Body Piercing Project† and Bonnie Berkowitz’ â€Å"Tattooing Outgrows Its Renegade Image to Thrive In The Mainstream†. Traditionally, tattoos were meant for sailors, soldiers, bikers and gangs. Along with several changes in the industrialized and technological society of the twenty-first century, the standard for getting body modifications have altered as well. Everyday, people are willing to get permanently marked as an individual choice rather than the customarily perception of belonging to a certain group. Tattoo and piercing shops are not seen as â€Å"the backstreet† of the commercial civilization today, it is somewhat an expected sight in all public places. Josie Appleton in â€Å"The Body Piercing Project† and Bonnie Berkowitz in â€Å"Tattooing Outgrows Its Renegade Image to Thrive In The Mainstream† successfully informs and argues with the purpose of showing how the view on body modification has changed. Appleton and Berkowitz successfully inform the audience of how body modification has been more socially accepted in the industrialized society due to changes. â€Å"The Body Piercing Project† by Appleton explains how tattoo shops have been opening in other environments than the traditionally perceived suitable spaces. As Appleton writes in her article, â€Å"The opening of a tattoo and piercing section in the up-market London store Selfridges shows that body modification has lost its last trace of taboo,† indicates that the tattooing industry has found their place even in the high-end market, a completely different environment than previously proper. Due to the change and expansion of the business it is seen as a service for the general public- everyone from teenagers, men in suits and middle aged women, to the traditional wearers. In the article â€Å"Tattooing Outgrows Its Renegade Image to Thrive In The Mainstream,† Berkowitz agrees that the practice is now socially acceptable because of changes in the industry. Berkowitz is informing how the industry is not only of general interest and acceptance, but also that the business is safer because of the approval by writing that â€Å"Now it’s 2011 and you want a tattoo. In a private room, the gloved artist unwraps sanitized equipment and chooses from dozens of colors of vegan-friendly ink† (Berkowitz par. 2). The two articles by Appleton and Berkowitz agree that the forum for and acceptance of body modification has changed. On the other hand, they part on their focus on why this is a fact. Appleton informs on how people are accepting the concept of body modification by including the industry in new environments. Berkowitz informs how the general public is accepting the industry because of the safer methods used today. The two articles by Appleton and Berkowitz are successfully arguing how the reason for people wanting body modification has altered. Traditionally, people would get tattoos as a sign of camaraderie, but today, tattooing is something more individual. In â€Å"The Body Piercing Project,† Appleton interviews 37-year-old Sarah who wants to get her navel pierced for aesthetic reasons (161). Additionally, Appleton writes how the tattoo artist Greg thinks that several people today are getting tattoos for â€Å"self-empowerment†- to create a personal identity (161). Other reasons for wanting body modification- personal statements, marking a turning point or as a reminder of special moments- Appleton objectively describes through personal stories from people wanting a tattoo or piercing. The author interviews seventeen-year-old Laura who says she wants to get â€Å"XXX† tattooed on the base of her spine (Appleton 162). Laura says â€Å"it’s not to prove anything to anyone else, it’s a pact with myself completely† (Appleton 162). Even though Appleton objectively informs about Laura’s wants, one can analyze the case by asking why Laura wants a tattoo for herself on her lower back when she will not be able to see it. As a consequence of this analysis, it is possible to say that Appleton argues that the significance of the modification differs from the individual denotation when the tattoo or piercing is really meant as decoration. Appleton is successfully arguing this case using pathos by telling stories rather than her own direct opinion. Using pathos means that she is appealing to emotions (Ruszkiewicz, Anderson, and Friend 24). Berkowitz, on the other hand, argues using logos to persuade the audience that people are getting tattoos for cosmetic reasons. She is therefor appealing to factual evidence (Ruszkiewicz, Anderson, and Friend 24), â€Å"Painters and sculptors trained in fine arts migrated to tattooing, looking at skin as a living canvas† (Berkowitz par. 7). Berkowitz is using historical facts to underline the significance of a permanent artwork on skin. The author argues that the change from a patriotic mark (as a sign of belonging to a group) to the superficial meaning started in the late 1970s and early ‘80s when tattoo artists were encouraged to share ideas through magazines and conventions. In addition, athletes and television implicated that tattoos were cool in this time period. As to compare Appleton and Berkowitz’ articles, it is simplest to say that Appleton argues the change in why people want body modification by implying that the so-called â€Å"personal significance† means little compared to the cosmetic reason. By Appleton implying the cosmetic reason, the two articles successfully argue the same reason. Berkowitz directly says that the reason for people getting tattooed today is aesthetic but Appleton makes the audience analyze the indirect argument. In â€Å"The Body Piercing Project† by Appleton and â€Å"Tattooing Outgrows Its Renegade Image to Thrive In The Mainstream† by Berkowitz, the authors are successfully informing and analyzing different health-related issues connected to body modification. Appleton writes about several psychological means on why people get tattoos and piercings. â€Å"Some also claim that body modification helps them to feel ‘comfortable in their own skin’ or proud of parts of their body they were previously ashamed† (Appleton 163). Amongst other issues, the problem of being comfortable with their body is made manageable to handle when having a tattoo or piercing. Even though a person is coping with his or her issues, the original problems are just concealed not solved. Appleton says some people use body modification to resolve a sense of self-estrangement, to deal with problems because when you hurt, you are still alive, or master traumatic events (163). Again, the modification will let the individuals cope with their issues but not entirely fix them. One can even look at getting body modification as an addiction since some individuals need them to handle their problems. Berkowitz informs about the physical means of getting a tattoo. In 2011, the tattoo artists use sanitized equipment and vegan-friendly ink in addition to advertising their autoclaves and hygiene standards according to Berkowitz’ article. Berkowitz again uses historical fact to underline the importance of her statements by saying that â€Å"? †¦? tattooists have largely cleaned up their own industry, beginning in the 1950s in response to awareness of blood-borne illnesses† (Berkowitz par. 3). Both Appleton and Berkowitz are informing about health-related issues but they are focusing on different aspects. Appleton uses the psychological means to inform about the â€Å"cover up† stories while Berkowitz informs using factual based information. Appleton and Berkowitz use their articles â€Å"The Body Piercing Project† and â€Å"Tattooing Outgrows Its Renegade Image to Thrive In The Mainstream† to successfully persuade the audience by using logos to view body modification as a cosmetic measure. Appleton uses the technique of indirectly implying her opinion on the explanations of why individuals want tattoos or piercings. The use of the method makes people reasonably figure out their own opinion of the cases before the author reveals her view making the self-imposed opinion stronger when confirmed. Appleton says, â€Å"Body modification should be put back in the fashion box,† (Appleton 164) meaning they are meant to improve appearance, not to be loaded with existential significance. â€Å"The artistic and financial gulf between brilliant and lousy is vast. Top tattooists command up to $300 dollars an hour for large, custom work that can take 40 hours or more† (Berkowitz par. 14). Berkowitz uses the financial and artistic aspect when persuading the audience that tattooing is a form of art and therefor a cosmetic measure. If the appearance of the tattoo is not as important as the meaning behind the tattoo why spend that much money on it? Again, Berkowitz’ message is more straightforward while Appleton’s need interpretation to be understood. Appleton wants to persuade the general public to think of body modification in a fashionable way rather than to show self-expression. On the contrary, Berkowitz already view tattoos as expressions of art and therefore a way to improve personal appearance. Josie Appleton in â€Å"The Body Piercing Project† and Bonnie Berkowitz in â€Å"Tattooing Outgrows Its Renegade Image to Thrive In The Mainstream† successfully informs and argues with the purpose of showing how the view on body modification has changed. Appleton focuses on how body modification is used to cope with different psychological means without directly giving her opinion throughout the article. She wants people to make up their own minds, and does so by indirectly implying her view on the emotional issues before reassuring these â€Å"self-made† opinions in the end. Appleton wants body modification to be a way of improving personal appearance, and to not load them with existential significance. Berkowitz focuses more on the art of tattooing and the historical evolution. She sees tattoos as cosmetic measures and that one should be willing to pay for an experienced tattoo artist. Both Josie Appleton and Bonnie Berkowitz agree that body modification is available for nearly everyone and accepted by the general public, making this business a good model for equality.

Should the USA formerly adopt the English Only Rule Essay Example Essay Example

Should the USA formerly adopt the English Only Rule Essay Example Paper Should the USA formerly adopt the English Only Rule Essay Introduction The United States of America has always been called the land of the free. It is one country that everyone, almost, would like to come and live at. They say that America is a country full of hope and fulfillment. All some can see was the promises, golden promises that are being offered to those who became citizens of this country. They all wish to fulfill the American dream. America was the dream came true for most migrants who were able to find a place to stay here and live a good life. Especially to those poverty stricken places, America is like a pot of gold for them. Money is not that easy in America for like in other places, you really have to work hard for it but still because of America’s good economic standing in the world market, they still see America as a good place to work and fulfill their dreams. America is comps of a group of nation, there is no one place in America where there is only Americans, Native Americans that is.Since the United States of America is a me lting pot and is comprise of many nationalities, one issue that it faced will be using an English-only rules especially in teaching students of gradeschool and highschool. Learning a secondary language is never easy. It requires a lot of patience and handwork, after all there is no such thing as overnight success. It is only natural that mistakes will be encountered by anyone who tries to learn a new language as he or she progress in the process of learning. Learners of second language may encounter mistakes in learning and this obstacle is brought on by their first language (Ramà ­rez, Yuen, and Ramey, 1991.). The developmental sequencing of a person learning a second language has something to do with the mastery of the linguistic elements as it existed in the person’s cognitive understanding. (Lightbown and Spada, 2003) The mind is a critical element of a human being.The mind controls a lot of bodily functions like thinking which corresponds to learning which corresponds t o reaction or decision we make depending on what we perceive as right and wrong as to what we have registered in our brain cells that is in our brain or our mind. Not all language has the same usage in diction and grammar. There are differences in the way words are being pronounced by different nationalities; sometimes the tone of voice can make a great difference in the meaning of the word that one is conveying (Tarone, 2004). Critical thinking is common among adults, those whose brain has been developed in a way that they do not only accept everything that is being presented to them as absolute truth but also has the capability of questioning the validity of the information presented.The most precious possession that one person could have would be his knowledge. This is something that no one can take away from him. No one can rob you of what you know; you can only share it to others. They say that life is a continuous process of learning, we never cease to learn new things everyda y and man is never contented with the knowledge that he has now. To aid immigrants in the United States in their learning process the Bilingual Education Act of 1968 was ratified by the Congress. This 1968 Act aims to teach English to immigrants efficiently and more rapidly by employing the both their native language and the English language at the same time (Willig, 1985). They believed that this promote social equality and help raise the self-esteem of the minority. This means that as much as possible making others feel that there is no discrimination and that have equal opportunity for a quality education.It is assumed that all human beings are born with a unique capacity for language but the ability to put this language into action depends on the exposure that one would be having regarding the specific learning that he is having, a proper timing and proper teaching. The problem with the 1968 Act was the bilingual class was mostly for Spanish speaking natives only. Other national ities are not enjoying the privilege of having a bilingual class as much as they do. This would mean that the bilingual class is not equal after all and that it is still being shaded with discrimination.Younger learners may have an edge in learning a second language, they learn in a more contextual interactions; their advantage is that they are able to easily get the meaning of the words they hear. They are more willing experiment with unfamiliar sounds and sound sequences (Bucuvalas, 2002). Foreigners learn more when they can relate the English term that they are studying to their own native language. They should be able to freely compare and contrast different languages to better understand. This setting of learning could not be done if the English only rule will be acted on. It will be hard for the children to grasp the meaning if they still need to recall the word or phrase at a later time rather than learning in a bilingual setting.If one country uses multiple languages, it wil l be very costly in the sense that it will require them to print a lot of materials that may not be needed. The official language of the country is English and it is justifiable that those who would like to live in the country must learn the language to interact and succeed in the competition of life within the state. It does not necessarily mean that the old language will be abandoned but one must know what is the best language should be use as the situation calls for it. Another fallback of having a bilingual class will be the number of teachers that are capable of teaching may not be enough or may not be competent enough. Krashen has stresses out that acquisition of the language is important, knowing all the rules but failure in applying them would still be a negative acquisition for the learner.A student learns a lot about the language if he or she is exposed to it more time than. This would mean that only English language will be use for all classes and books and non-English sp eakers will just be given a remedial class and no more of the bilingual class. Some scholars believe that a child will not learn English faster if he or she learns it with his or her native language also being spoken. The behaviorism approach accentuates learning through imitation, practice, reinforcement and habit formation. Learning the secondary language will be of ease if the learner will see points of similarity with his native language but the he will have difficulty instilling those rules that have differences with the way he uses his native language. Learning readiness means that we are able to acquire the skills needed for us to have a good grasp on the concepts being presented in school or in our daily lives. Orientation as part of an adult learning is how we perceive lessons in life or in school. Five may all be looking at the same thing but they will arrive at five different conclusions. This is due to the fact that our orientation in life could dictate us on how we woul d think about the thing that we are looking at (Winnet).Recent studies support that a well designed bilingual program can achieve high levels of learning in school on a long term view. This achievement is with a no cost to English acquisition of students from disempowered group (Crawford, 1998). The studies on the effect of bilingualism confirmed that this help in cultivating academic excellence. A student’s native language needs not be sacrificed just to teach them effective English, instead it is even complementary. Moreover, native-language instruction can be helpful in overcoming other obstacles such as poverty, family illiteracy, and social stigmas associated with minority status. This helps them feel comfortable in working for what they would like to achieve in life.If one wants a work in America, he or she will be interviewed in English; his or her exams will be written in English. This means that as of now, the primary language that is being used in he country is Engl ish, so why adapting the English-only policy will not be such a hard problem for citizens and immigrants in the country. Immigrants in the country are required to take and passed an English proficiency exam before he or she could be given a visa to live or work within the boundaries of the United States of America. A fossilized system means that a second language learner would never develop his second language skill in the same manner, as in the same pronunciation as that of the language that he is studying (MacWhinney). Examples of this would be Japanese, Korean, Chinese or Russian nationalities with the English language as their secondary language but the diction and tones of heir native language is the one that they are still able to manifest, meaning they have not acquired the â€Å"tongue† of the west (Green, 1998).Everyone also have rights regarding their language. However this right is exercised by an individual as part of a group. Protection of these rights would mean protection of the community. A legal protection of language rights that would protect the linguistic community and not restrict its right to exist in any way (Crawford, 1998). Almost all transaction in the United States in America is done in English. If another person wants it in another language, he needs to translate it. There is no need to create a dilemma or a law as senseless as the English-only rule. One of the strengths of English as a language is that it is constantly evolving, swallowing new words and inventing others in a way that virtually no other modern language is able to do. Making a law that dictates â€Å"English only† is impractical and nonsensical for the above reason and because American cultures itself changes so fluidly. Human beings are created equally. Each person is given the chance to develop his or her capabilities. Some might have ended up not the way they wanted to but they were not without a choice. We are endowed with the right to pursue our li fe with liberty and happiness. There is no lesser being. Language should not be a hindrance on achieving goals. America would not be called the land of immigrants for no apparent reason. Should the USA formerly adopt the English Only Rule Essay Thank you for reading this Sample!